Upasargas are verb prefixes in Sanskrit. These prefixes alter or enhance the meanings of the verbs. e.g आ+गच्छति = आगच्छति (Comes) Here the verb has almost opposite meaning of गच्छति -goes अव+ गच्छति = अवगच्छति (Understands) different meaning from गच्छति अनु+सरति = अनुसरति (Follows) सरति means goes वि+स्मरति = विस्मरति (forgets) opposite in meaning. स्मरति means remembers परा+जयति = पराजयते (loses) opposite in meaning of जयति - wins प्र+वहति = प्रवहति (flows fast) enhances the meaning of वहति - flows Here is the complete list of upasargas प्र = more, forward आ = to form, backwards परा = down, backward नि = in, more अप = away, opposite अधि = above सम् = together, very much अपि = also, to cover अनु = behind सु = good अव = down अभि = towards निस् = out, far away प्रति = towards, against निर् = out परि = around दुस् = bad उप = near, to दुर् = difficult उद् = up वि = contrary, particular अति = beyond Some of these upasargas can be used as independent words too. अहम् अपि गृहं गच्छामि।